instruction: Explain how to concepts | spinnaker
output: Concepts Spinnaker is an open-source, multi-cloud continuous delivery platform that helps you release software changes with high velocity and confidence. Spinnaker provides two core sets of features: Application management Application deployment In addition, Spinnaker provides a higher-level experience that builds on top of the above features via Managed delivery . Application management You use Spinnaker’s application management features to view and manage your cloud resources. Modern tech organizations operate collections of services—sometimes referred to as “applications” or “microservices.” A Spinnaker application models this concept. Applications , clusters , and server groups are the key concepts Spinnaker uses to describe your services. Load balancers and firewalls describe how your services are exposed to users. Application An application in Spinnaker is a collection of clusters, which in turn are collections of server groups. The application also includes firewalls and load balancers. An application represents the service which you are going to deploy using Spinnaker, all configuration for that service, and all the infrastructure on which it will run. You will typically create a different application for each service, though Spinnaker does not enforce that. Read more about applications, and how to create and configure them, here . Cluster You can define Clusters , which are logical groupings of Server Groups in Spinnaker. Note: cluster, here, does not map to a Kubernetes cluster. It’s merely a collection of Server Groups, irrespective of any Kubernetes clusters that might be included in your underlying architecture. Server Group The base resource, the Server Group , identifies the deployable artifact (VM image, Docker image, source location) and basic configuration settings such as number of instances, autoscaling policies, metadata, etc. This resource is optionally associated with a Load Balancer and a Firewall. When deployed, a Server Group is a collection of instances of the running software (VM instances, Kubernetes pods). Load Balancer A Load Balancer is associated with an ingress protocol and port range. It balances traffic among instances in its Server Groups. Optionally, you can enable health checks for a load balancer, with flexibility to define health criteria and specify the health check endpoint. Firewall A Firewall defines network traffic access. It is effectively a set of firewall rules defined by an IP range (CIDR) along with a communication protocol (e.g., TCP) and port range. Learn more about cluster management on the Clusters page. Application deployment You use Spinnaker’s application deployment features to construct and manage continuous delivery workflows. Pipeline The pipeline is the key deployment management construct in Spinnaker. It consists of a sequence of actions, known as stages. You can pass parameters from stage to stage along the pipeline. You can start a pipeline manually, or you can configure it to be automatically triggered by an event, such as a Jenkins job completing, a new Docker image appearing in your registry, a CRON schedule, or a stage in another pipeline. You can configure the pipeline to emit notifications, by email, Slack, or SMS, to interested parties at various points during pipeline execution (such as on pipeline start/complete/fail). Stage A Stage in Spinnaker is a collection of sequential Tasks and composed Stages that describe a higher-level action the Pipeline will perform either linearly or in parallel. You can sequence stages in a Pipeline in any order, though some stage sequences may be more common than others. Spinnaker provides a number of stages such as Deploy, Resize, Disable, Manual Judgment, and many more. You can see the full list of stages and read about implementation details for each provider in the Reference section. Task A Task in Spinnaker is an automatic function to perform. Deployment strategies Spinnaker treats cloud-native deployment strategies as first class constructs, handling the underlying orchestration such as verifying health checks, disabling old server groups and enabling new server groups. Spinnaker supports the blue/green strategy, with rolling blue/green and canary strategies in active development. Learn more about deployment management on the Pipelines page. Managed delivery Managed Delivery takes Spinnaker’s infrastructure management and deployment capabilities to a new level by abstracting away many of the low-level details of configuring infrastructure and delivery workflows, and focusing on your application requirements , specified in a declarative format. It allows you to declare the desired state of your application in terms of logical environments (think test and prod ) where your cloud infrastructure resources exist (e.g. compute clusters), and where your software artifacts (think Debian package or Docker image) are deployed. Spinnaker automatically detects when a new version of your code is available for deployment and satisfies any deployment constraints you may have configured, or when your infrastructure resources diverge from the desired state, and acts upon that information to reconcile the current with the desired state. For more details on the inspiration and guiding principles behind Managed Delivery, check out our blog , or the talk below from Spinnaker Summit 2019. To get started with Managed Delivery, head on over to the user guide . Clusters Spinnaker acts as a single pane of glass from which to manage your global deployments across multiple clouds. The Clusters section of the UI acts as command and control base where we can increasingly layer on information relevant to deploying your applications. Pipelines Pipelines are the essential tool in Spinnaker for controlling how to deploy your application. A pipeline is composed of a series of stages that can be combined in almost any order, which makes pipelines flexible, consistent and repeatable. Providers In Spinnaker, a Cloud Provider is an interface to a set of virtual resources over which Spinnaker has control. eBook: Continuous Delivery With Spinnaker Using Netflix and its open source Spinnaker CD platform as examples, the Continuous Delivery with Spinnaker ebook demonstrates how a new host of tools can help you deploy software changes to production quickly, safely, and automatically. Last modified April 26, 2023: docs(fix): change red/black to blue/green (#333) (928f480)