instruction: Create a Dockerfile for networking
output: ```dockerfile
  from the
  perspectives of port allocation, naming, service discovery, load
  balancing, application configuration, and migration.Only a few parts of this model are implemented by Kubernetes itself.
  For the other parts, Kubernetes defines the APIs, but the
  corresponding functionality is provided by external components, some
  of which are optional:Pod network namespace setup is handled by system-level software implementing the
  Container Runtime Interface.The pod network itself is managed by a
  pod network implementation.
  On Linux, most container runtimes use the
  Container Networking Interface (CNI)
  to interact with the pod network implementation, so these
  implementations are often called CNI plugins.Kubernetes provides a default implementation of service proxying,
  called kube-proxy, but some pod
  network implementations instead use their own service proxy that
  is more tightly integrated with the rest of the implementation.NetworkPolicy is generally also implemented by the pod network
  implementation. (Some simpler pod network implementations don't
  implement NetworkPolicy, or an administrator may choose to
  configure the pod network without NetworkPolicy support. In these
  cases, the API will still be present, but it will have no effect.)There are many implementations of the Gateway API,
  some of which are specific to particular cloud environments, some more
  focused on "bare metal" environments, and others more generic.What's nextThe Connecting Applications with Services
  tutorial lets you learn about Services and Kubernetes networking with a hands-on example.Cluster Networking explains how to set
  up networking for your cluster, and also provides an overview of the technologies involved.ServiceExpose an application running in your cluster behind a single outward-facing endpoint, even when the workload is split across multiple backends.IngressMake your HTTP (or HTTPS) network service available using a protocol-aware configuration mechanism, that understands web concepts like URIs, hostnames, paths, and more. The Ingress concept lets you map traffic to different backends based on rules you define via the Kubernetes API.Ingress ControllersIn order for an Ingress to work in your cluster, there must be an ingress controller running. You need to select at least one ingress controller and make sure it is set up in your cluster. This page lists common ingress controllers that you can deploy.Gateway APIGateway API is a family of API kinds that provide dynamic infrastructure provisioning and advanced traffic routing.EndpointSlicesThe EndpointSlice API is the mechanism that Kubernetes uses to let your Service scale to handle large numbers of backends, and allows the cluster to update its list of healthy backends efficiently.Network PoliciesIf you want to control traffic flow at the IP address or port level (OSI layer 3 or 4), NetworkPolicies allow you to specify rules for traffic flow within your cluster, and also between Pods and the outside world. Your cluster must use a network plugin that supports NetworkPolicy enforcement.DNS for Services and PodsYour workload can discover Services within your cluster using DNS; this page explains how that works.IPv4/IPv6 dual-stackKubernetes lets you configure single-stack IPv4 networking, single-stack IPv6 networking, or dual stack networking with both network families active. This page explains how.Topology Aware RoutingTopology Aware Routing provides a mechanism to help keep network traffic within the zone where it originated. Preferring same-zone traffic between Pods in your cluster can help with reliability, performance (network latency and throughput), or cost.Networking on WindowsService ClusterIP allocationService Internal Traffic PolicyIf two Pods in your cluster want to communicate, and both Pods are actually running on the same node, use Service Internal Traffic Policy to keep network traffic within that node. Avoiding a round trip via the cluster network can help with reliability, performance (network latency and throughput), or cost.FeedbackWas this page helpful?Yes
  NoThanks for the feedback. If you have a specific, answerable question about how to use Kubernetes, ask it on
  Stack Overflow.
  Open an issue in the GitHub Repository if you want to
  report a problem
  or
  suggest an improvement.Last modified September 18, 2024 at 5:39 PM PST: Clean up services-networking/_index.md (810f856ca9)  Create child page
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   Print entire sectionThe Kubernetes network modelWhat's next© 2025 The Kubernetes Authors | Documentation Distributed under CC BY 4.0© 2025 The Linux Foundation ®. ```