instruction: Create a Kubernetes configuration with JoinConfiguration, ClusterConfiguration, InitConfiguration resources
output: ```dockerfile
  from executing into the etcd container.
  To work around the issue, choose one of these options:
  
  Roll back to an earlier version of Docker, such as 1.13.1-75
  yum downgrade docker-1.13.1-75.git8633870.el7.centos.x86_64 docker-client-1.13.1-75.git8633870.el7.centos.x86_64 docker-common-1.13.1-75.git8633870.el7.centos.x86_64
  
  Install one of the more recent recommended versions, such as 18.06:
  sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
  yum install docker-ce-18.06.1.ce-3.el7.x86_64
  
  Not possible to pass a comma separated list of values to arguments inside a --component-extra-args flag
  kubeadm init flags such as --component-extra-args allow you to pass custom arguments to a control-plane
  component like the kube-apiserver. However, this mechanism is limited due to the underlying type used for parsing
  the values (mapStringString).
  If you decide to pass an argument that supports multiple, comma-separated values such as
  --apiserver-extra-args "enable-admission-plugins=LimitRanger,NamespaceExists" this flag will fail with
  flag: malformed pair, expect string=string. This happens because the list of arguments for
  --apiserver-extra-args expects key=value pairs and in this case NamespacesExists is considered
  as a key that is missing a value.
  Alternatively, you can try separating the key=value pairs like so:
  --apiserver-extra-args "enable-admission-plugins=LimitRanger,enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceExists"
  but this will result in the key enable-admission-plugins only having the value of NamespaceExists.
  A known workaround is to use the kubeadm configuration file.
  kube-proxy scheduled before node is initialized by cloud-controller-manager
  In cloud provider scenarios, kube-proxy can end up being scheduled on new worker nodes before
  the cloud-controller-manager has initialized the node addresses. This causes kube-proxy to fail
  to pick up the node's IP address properly and has knock-on effects to the proxy function managing
  load balancers.
  The following error can be seen in kube-proxy Pods:
  server.go:610] Failed to retrieve node IP: host IP unknown; known addresses: []
  proxier.go:340] invalid nodeIP, initializing kube-proxy with 127.0.0.1 as nodeIP
  A known solution is to patch the kube-proxy DaemonSet to allow scheduling it on control-plane
  nodes regardless of their conditions, keeping it off of other nodes until their initial guarding
  conditions abate:
  kubectl -n kube-system patch ds kube-proxy -p='{
   "spec": {
   "template": {
   "spec": {
   "tolerations": [
   {
   "key": "CriticalAddonsOnly",
   "operator": "Exists"
   },
   {
   "effect": "NoSchedule",
   "key": "node-role.kubernetes.io/control-plane"
   }
   ]
   }
   }
   }
  }'
  The tracking issue for this problem is here.
  /usr is mounted read-only on nodes
  On Linux distributions such as Fedora CoreOS or Flatcar Container Linux, the directory /usr is mounted as a read-only filesystem.
  For flex-volume support,
  Kubernetes components like the kubelet and kube-controller-manager use the default path of
  /usr/libexec/kubernetes/kubelet-plugins/volume/exec/, yet the flex-volume directory must be writeable
  for the feature to work.
  
  Note: FlexVolume was deprecated in the Kubernetes v1.23 release.
  
  To workaround this issue, you can configure the flex-volume directory using the kubeadm
  configuration file.
  On the primary control-plane Node (created using kubeadm init), pass the following
  file using --config:
  apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta3
  kind: InitConfiguration
  nodeRegistration:
   kubeletExtraArgs:
   volume-plugin-dir: "/opt/libexec/kubernetes/kubelet-plugins/volume/exec/"
  ---
  apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta3
  kind: ClusterConfiguration
  controllerManager:
   extraArgs:
   flex-volume-plugin-dir: "/opt/libexec/kubernetes/kubelet-plugins/volume/exec/"
  On joining Nodes:
  apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta3
  kind: JoinConfiguration
  nodeRegistration:
   kubeletExtraArgs:
   volume-plugin-dir: "/opt/libexec/kubernetes/kubelet-plugins/volume/exec/"
  Alternatively, you can modify /etc/fstab to make the /usr mount writeable, but please
  be advised that this is modifying a design principle of the Linux distribution.
  kubeadm upgrade plan prints out context deadline exceeded error message
  This error message is shown when upgrading a Kubernetes cluster with kubeadm in
  the case of running an external etcd. This is not a critical bug and happens because
  older versions of kubeadm perform a version check on the external etcd cluster.
  You can proceed with kubeadm upgrade apply ....
  This issue is fixed as of version 1.19.
  kubeadm reset unmounts /var/lib/kubelet
  If /var/lib/kubelet is being mounted, performing a kubeadm reset will effectively unmount it.
  To workaround the issue, re-mount the /var/lib/kubelet directory after performing the kubeadm reset operation.
  This is a regression introduced in kubeadm 1.15. The issue is fixed in 1.20.
  Cannot use the metrics-server securely in a kubeadm cluster
  In a kubeadm cluster, the metrics-server
  can be used insecurely by passing the --kubelet-insecure-tls to it. This is not recommended for production clusters.
  If you want to use TLS between the metrics-server and the kubelet there is a problem,
  since kubeadm deploys a self-signed serving certificate for the kubelet. This can cause the following errors
  on the side of the metrics-server:
  x509: certificate signed by unknown authority
  x509: certificate is valid for IP-foo not IP-bar
  See Enabling signed kubelet serving certificates
  to understand how to configure the kubelets in a kubeadm cluster to have properly signed serving certificates.
  Also see How to run the metrics-server securely.
  Upgrade fails due to etcd hash not changing
  Only applicable to upgrading a control plane node with a kubeadm binary v1.28.3 or later,
  where the node is currently managed by kubeadm versions v1.28.0, v1.28.1 or v1.28.2.
  Here is the error message you may encounter:
  [upgrade/etcd] Failed to upgrade etcd: couldn't upgrade control plane. kubeadm has tried to recover everything into the earlier state. Errors faced: static Pod hash for component etcd on Node kinder-upgrade-control-plane-1 did not change after 5m0s: timed out waiting for the condition
  [upgrade/etcd] Waiting for previous etcd to become available
  I0907 10:10:09.109104 3704 etcd.go:588] [etcd] attempting to see if all cluster endpoints ([https://172.17.0.6:2379/ https://172.17.0.4:2379/ https://172.17.0.3:2379/]) are available 1/10
  [upgrade/etcd] Etcd was rolled back and is now available
  static Pod hash for component etcd on Node kinder-upgrade-control-plane-1 did not change after 5m0s: timed out waiting for the condition
  couldn't upgrade control plane. kubeadm has tried to recover everything into the earlier state. Errors faced
  k8s.io/kubernetes/cmd/kubeadm/app/phases/upgrade.rollbackOldManifests
  	cmd/kubeadm/app/phases/upgrade/staticpods.go:525
  k8s.io/kubernetes/cmd/kubeadm/app/phases/upgrade.upgradeComponent
  	cmd/kubeadm/app/phases/upgrade/staticpods.go:254
  k8s.io/kubernetes/cmd/kubeadm/app/phases/upgrade.performEtcdStaticPodUpgrade
  	cmd/kubeadm/app/phases/upgrade/staticpods.go:338
  ...
  The reason for this failure is that the affected versions generate an etcd manifest file with
  unwanted defaults in the PodSpec. This will result in a diff
  ```