instruction: Create a Dockerfile for networking
output: ```dockerfile
  from outside your cluster.
  
  Ingress provides extra functionality
  specifically for exposing HTTP applications, websites and APIs.
  Gateway API is an add-on
  that provides an expressive, extensible, and role-oriented family of API kinds for modeling service networking.
  
  You can also use Services to
  publish services only for consumption inside your cluster.
  
  The Connecting Applications with Services tutorial lets you learn about Services and Kubernetes networking with a hands-on example.
  Cluster Networking explains how to set
  up networking for your cluster, and also provides an overview of the technologies involved.
  
  Service
  
  Expose an application running in your cluster behind a single outward-facing endpoint, even when the workload is split across multiple backends.
  
  Ingress
  
  Make your HTTP (or HTTPS) network service available using a protocol-aware configuration mechanism, that understands web concepts like URIs, hostnames, paths, and more. The Ingress concept lets you map traffic to different backends based on rules you define via the Kubernetes API.
  
  Ingress Controllers
  
  In order for an Ingress to work in your cluster, there must be an ingress controller running. You need to select at least one ingress controller and make sure it is set up in your cluster. This page lists common ingress controllers that you can deploy.
  
  Gateway API
  
  Gateway API is a family of API kinds that provide dynamic infrastructure provisioning and advanced traffic routing.
  
  EndpointSlices
  
  The EndpointSlice API is the mechanism that Kubernetes uses to let your Service scale to handle large numbers of backends, and allows the cluster to update its list of healthy backends efficiently.
  
  Network Policies
  
  If you want to control traffic flow at the IP address or port level (OSI layer 3 or 4), NetworkPolicies allow you to specify rules for traffic flow within your cluster, and also between Pods and the outside world. Your cluster must use a network plugin that supports NetworkPolicy enforcement.
  
  DNS for Services and Pods
  
  Your workload can discover Services within your cluster using DNS; this page explains how that works.
  
  IPv4/IPv6 dual-stack
  
  Kubernetes lets you configure single-stack IPv4 networking, single-stack IPv6 networking, or dual stack networking with both network families active. This page explains how.
  
  Topology Aware Routing
  
  Topology Aware Routing provides a mechanism to help keep network traffic within the zone where it originated. Preferring same-zone traffic between Pods in your cluster can help with reliability, performance (network latency and throughput), or cost.
  
  Networking on Windows
  
  Service ClusterIP allocation
  
  Service Internal Traffic Policy
  
  If two Pods in your cluster want to communicate, and both Pods are actually running on the same node, use Service Internal Traffic Policy to keep network traffic within that node. Avoiding a round trip via the cluster network can help with reliability, performance (network latency and throughput), or cost.
  
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